Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri
Makhdoom Shaykh Sharfuddin Ahmed Bin Yahya Maneri (1263-1381) popularly known as Makhdoom-e-Jahan or Makhdoom-ul-Mulk Bihar was an Islamic scholar, writer and Sufi saint. He was a follower of Firdausiyya order, an offshoot of Suhrawardiyya order of Sufism and was a spiritual student of Peer Shaykh Najeebuddin Firdausi. He was the great-grandson of Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih Hashmi, who reached India and defeated King of Maner along with Momin Arif, the first Muslim to reach Bihar.
Birth
Shaykh was born on 26 Shaban 661 Hijri same as in the year 1263 in Maner Sharif, a small town near Patna to Shaykh Kamaluddin Yahya Maneri and Bibi Raziya, daughter of Syed Shahabuddin Suhrawardi Peer Jagjot Balkhi, a sufi saint of Suhrawardiyya order and is buried at Kachchi Dargah, Patna. He was born in the Khanqah built by his great-grandfather Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih Hashmi at Maner Sharif. His birth place is secured and marked as a holy place.
During his birth, Sultan Naseeruddin Mehmood was the emperor of Delhi.
Name
He was name Ahmed and Sharfuddin was his given title. He added Yahya as the family name to his name, after his father’s name.
Family tree from father side[1]
- Shaykh Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri
- Shaykh Kamaluddin Yahya Maneri
- Shaykh Israil Hashmi Maneri
- Imam Muhammad Taj Faqih Hashmi
- Imam Abu Bakr
- Imam Abul Lais
- Imam Abu Sahma
- Abudeen
- Imam Abu Mas’ood
- Imam Abuzar
- Zubair
- Abdul Mutallib
- Hashim
Family tree from mother side[2]
- Shaykh Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri
- Bibi Raziya
- Makhdoom Syed Shahabuddin Peer Jagjot Balkhi Suhrawardi
- Syed Muhammad
- Syed Ahmed
- Syed Naseeruddin
- Syed Yousuf
- Syed Hasan
- Syed Kasim
- Syed Moosa
- Syed Hamza
- Syed Daood
- Syed Ruknuddin
- Syed Qutubuddin
- Syed Ishaq
- Syed Ismaeel
- Imam Jafar Sadiq
- Imam Muhammad Baqir
- Imam Zainul Abdeen
- Imam Hussain
- Bibi Fatima
- Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa Sallallahu Alayhi Ta’Aala Wasallam
Education
Makhdoom-e-Jahan had his early education under his father Kamaluddin Yahya Maneri and Shah Ruknuddin Marginani at Maner Sharif, Bihar.[3]
He left Maner Sharif, Bihar at the only age of 12, to study and to gain knowledge abroad about Islam and Arabic, Persian, Logic and Philosophy. He reached and been under the guidance of Ashraf-Uddin Abu Towama Bukhari, a famous teacher based in Sonargaon (now in Dhaka, Bangladesh). He has been under the guidance of Towama Bukhari for more than 24 years and then came back to the region of Bihar and stayed at Bihar Sharif's most popular place Badi Dargah.[3]
Sufism
After the completion of his studies he went to Delhi, which was then known as the centre of sufism to became a disciple of Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya in sufism, but Hazrat Nizamuddin asked him to contact Khwaja Najibuddin because you’re written in his ‘Kismat’.[3]
Silsila-e-Firdausiyya
Maneri went to Hazrat Najibuddin with a low mood after being rejected by Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya. He reached and just saw a sight of Hazrat Najibuddin and got shiverings, it was the first-ever shiverings Maneri got. Maneri became a Mureed of Hazrat Najibuddin and got the Khilafat there, and Hazrat Najibuddin said, i have prepared your Khilafatnama 12 years ago.[3]
Personal life
He refused to marry in his life, but he later married Bibi Badaam, Daughter of Abu Tawama after falling ill. They had a son Shaykh Zakiuddin, who was born in 1289, who lived and died in Bengal.
Books
- Maktoobat-e-Saadi
- Madan-ul-Maani
- Seerat-ush-Sharaf
- Rahat-ul-Quloob
- Irshad-ut-Talibeen-o-Irshad-us-Saalikeen
- Fawaid-ul-Murideen
- Munisul-Mureedeen
- Khwan-e-Pur Nemat
- Maktoobat-e-Bist-o-Hasht
- Maktubaat-e-Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri
Successors
- Khwaja Shaykh Ishaque Maghrabi, he was a sufi saint who is buried at Matokhar Dargah in the Sheikhp District of Bihar.
- Shaykh Shah Shuaib Firdausi Sheikhpurvi, an Indian sufi saint who is known as the one who established Sheikhpura district of Bihar during the 14th century. He was the son of Shaykh Jamaluddin Yahya Maneri, uncle of Sharafuddin Yahya Maneri.
Bibliography
- Raza, Mohammad Akram Firdausi Silsila E Tasawwuf Shaikh Sharfuddin Ahmad Yahya Maneri Ke Hawale Se PhD Thesis submitted to Jamia Milia Islamia (in Urdu)